Designed to help managers understand, create an apply statistics and research methods to solve business problems. This course surveys research methods and the underlying concept of validity with the understanding that statistics based on invalid data are not useful in decision making. The course examines an array of statistical methods including measures of association, measures of difference, multivariate analysis, and non-parametric statistics with an appreciation for probability as a basis for understanding the message of these statistics, an eye toward knowing when each particular test is appropriate, and an understanding of the components of the calculations and how their values affect statistical results.